Vietinis komponentas Lietuvos totorių sociokultūrinės tapatybės konstrukcijose (istoriografinis aspektas)

Santrauka

The article deals with the question how image of the Tatar sociocultural identity was formed in the Byelorusian, Lithuanian, Polish, and Russian historiographies. Tatars existed in the model of the society of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) as strange, but tolerable subject. While identifying Tatars, there are usually emphasized such features like their severalty, „nonconflictic otherness”, „mussulmanness”, „orientalness”. However, integration/assimilation processes, which conditioned the rise of new sociocultural identities, substantially influenced the Tatars. A historiographic analysis shows that in the works of historians there were activelly, but controversially constructed the Tatar identities (of nobleman, warrior, and scribe) that have been formed in the society of the GDL. In the historiography a nobleman identity was constructed dealing with a question whether the society of the GDL treated the Tatars as noblemen, also, disclosing meaning of legitimation of the nineteenth-century noblemen for the spread of the Tatar knighthood of the Russian nature. It is supposed that an identity of warrior was constructed bearing in mind not the Tatar military service for the land given by a suzerain, but the Tatars’ shift to the mercenary army form and professional military service. A construction of identity of a scribe can be seen in the works, authors of which payed attention to the fact that methods of creators of the Tatar writings as well as forms of adaptation of literature were borrowed from the cultural environment of the GDL. A presumption is made that the aforementioned identities are sign of the local culture, and the works of historians substantially contributed to the spread of these identities in the current social consciousness.