The author critically examines two primary sources (written or published in 1589 and 1605) which have long been used as evidence indicating the putative Lithuanian edition of Peter Canisius’ Catechism which was assumed to have been printed in Vilnius or elsewhere in c. 1585, and in doing so he demonstrates that this hypothesis is not inevitably necessary for making sense of these two primary sources. Mikalojus Daukša’s Catechism of 1595 is to be viewed as the first (Catholic) book in Lithuanian printed in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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