This article aims to conceptualise foreign language learners’ identity as an ecological and agentive phenomenon. Drawing on ecolinguistics and sociocultural theories of agency, the study adopts a theory-synthesising and conceptual model-building approach to integrate insights from these perspectives. Through critical analysis and conceptual integration of key literature, the paper proposes an Ecological Model of Learner Identity that situates identity at the intersection of ecological context, learner agency, and discursive practice. Within this framework, learner identity is understood as an emergent, relational, and adaptive process shaped by ongoing interaction between individual intentionality and sociocultural-institutional conditions. The model offers a holistic theoretical framework for advancing research and practice in applied linguistics and educational ecolinguistics.
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